---
title: XRPD—Applications
description: X-ray powder diffraction is ideal for identification, refinement, and solution of microcrystalline structures.
---

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# XRPD—Applications

### High-resolution X-ray powder diffraction (HR-XRPD)

X-ray powder diffraction is ideal for identification, refinement, and solution of microcrystalline structures. This technique provides a rapid diagnostic for detecting impurities, quantifying phases, determining molecular-scale and morphological properties of matter, and much more.

![](https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/26125/direct/1743367595016/2273214.png)

Key advantages:

- Focuses on long-range, periodic atomic arrangements.
- Provides crystal structure information.
- Excellent for phase identification and quantification.
- Can determine crystallite size and strain.
- Best suited for crystalline materials with long-range order.

Target information:

- **Structural state**: Discern crystalline, nanocrystalline, versus amorphous states of matter.
- **Crystal structure**: Identify or determine the unit cell, space group symmetry, and atomic positions.
- **Crystallite size**: The average or distribution of crystalline domain sizes in the sample.
- **Crystallite morphology**: Highly sensitive to crystalline domain shapes for nanomaterials or highly anisotropic crystallites.
- **Microstructural properties**: Macro- and microstrain, stacking defects, domain size, etc.
- **Crystal structure defects**: Doping of heavy atoms, antisite defects, etc.
- **Phase identification:** Search-match procedures to identify primary phases and impurities
- **Phase quantification:** Quantification of weight fractions of mixed phases.
- **Rietveld refinement:** Refinement of crystal structures to the diffraction pattern to obtain accurate structural parameters.
- **Whole powder pattern modeling:** Modeling method for accurately simulating all scattering contributions, including thermal diffuse scattering, and effects from complex crystallite shapes and size distributions.

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