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What is the wavelength used for the measurements?

The measurements are performed using high-energy X-rays with a wavelength of approximately 0.165 Å (corresponding to an energy of about 75.0 keV). This wavelength is well-suited for powder diffraction for several reasons:

  • High penetration: The short wavelength allows X-rays to penetrate deeply into samples, reducing surface effects and providing bulk information
  • Minimal absorption: Reduced absorption, especially for heavy elements, leading to more accurate measurement intensities
  • Large Q-range: Access to a wide range of reciprocal space in a single measurement, capturing both short and long-range structural information
  • Reduced fluorescence background: For many elements, the high energy is well above the K edge, reducing fluorescence scattering
 

This wavelength is particularly advantageous compared to laboratory sources (typically 0.5–1.5 Å), as it can provide high quality data for a broader range of elements measured in transmission mode.